Complexity in the Human Cardiovascular System
Abstract
The failure of evolution to explain biological complexity is becoming increasingly obvious. Using the language of intelligent design and informed by systems biology, this paper describes the complexity of the human cardiovascular system. The sophisticated mechanisms needed to control pulsatile blood flow, the presence of stored information, and the planning necessary to realize the human cardiovascular system are examples of biological complexity. Other elements of design that are discussed are beneficence and attention to detail, both of which are necessary to achieve an unusual feature of Homo sapiens: a prolonged post-reproductive lifespan. Because the most common cause of death in Homo sapiens is myocardial infarction and stroke, a cardiovascular system capable of supporting life is necessary to allow a prolonged post-reproductive lifespan. Darwinism offers no convincing explanation for a prolonged post-reproductive lifespan. Specified complexity is discussed as a basis for recognizing intelligent design. Several shortcomings of evolution are discussed, such as the unlikelihood that humans evolved along with chimpanzees from a common ancestor. Finally, we discuss the irreducible complexity of the mammalian heart.
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